1. The concept of the “Right to Disconnect” primarily aims to:
A. Limit weekly working hours through wage penalties
B. Ensure employees are not obliged to respond to work communication after office hours
C. Mandate work-from-home policies
D. Reduce labour union influence
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Right to Disconnect ensures that employees are not legally required to respond to work calls, emails, or messages beyond official working hours, protecting personal time and mental health.
2. Which country was the first to legally introduce the Right to Disconnect?
A. Italy
B. Portugal
C. France
D. Australia
Answer: C
Explanation:
France became the first country in 2017 to introduce a legal Right to Disconnect, setting a global precedent.
3. According to ILO data cited, India ranks second globally in:
A. Workforce participation
B. Informal employment
C. Long working hours
D. Youth unemployment
Answer: C
Explanation:
About 51% of Indian workers work more than 49 hours per week, placing India second globally for long working hours.
4. Which category of workers is currently excluded from full protection under India’s Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code (2020)?
A. Government employees
B. Industrial labourers
C. Gig and freelance workers
D. Factory workers
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Code largely covers traditional employment, leaving gig, freelance, and contractual workers insufficiently protected.
5. The case of Anna Sebastian Perayil is cited to highlight:
A. Gender discrimination at workplaces
B. Occupational hazards in manufacturing
C. Dangers of excessive work pressure
D. Workplace violence
Answer: C
Explanation:
Her death (E&Y employee, 2024) is referenced as a tragic example of overwork and burnout in corporate settings.
6. Under international law, use of force by a state is prohibited under:
A. UN Charter Article 51
B. UN Charter Article 2(4)
C. Geneva Conventions
D. ICJ Statute
Answer: B
Explanation:
Article 2(4) of the UN Charter prohibits the threat or use of force in international relations, except under limited exceptions.
7. Which of the following is a valid exception to the prohibition on use of force?
Self-defence
UN Security Council authorisation
Regime change for democracy
Law enforcement abroad
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1 only
Answer: A
Explanation:
Only self-defence and UN Security Council approval are recognised exceptions under international law.
8. The arrest warrant case cited regarding immunity of heads of state was decided by:
A. International Criminal Court
B. UN General Assembly
C. International Court of Justice
D. Permanent Court of Arbitration
Answer: C
Explanation:
The ICJ Arrest Warrant Case affirmed that sitting heads of state enjoy personal immunity from foreign jurisdiction.
9. Why is the detention of Venezuela’s President considered illegal under international law?
A. He was not democratically elected
B. He lacked UN recognition
C. Sitting heads of state enjoy personal immunity
D. Venezuela is not a UN member
Answer: C
Explanation:
Regardless of political legitimacy, a sitting head of state exercising effective control enjoys immunity under international law.
10. Iran’s recent protests were triggered primarily by:
A. Ethnic conflict
B. Religious reforms
C. Economic collapse and repression
D. Electoral disputes
Answer: C
Explanation:
The protests were sparked by currency collapse, inflation, and political repression, intensified after the Iran-Israel conflict.
11. Iran’s food inflation reached approximately:
A. 25%
B. 38%
C. 64%
D. 80%
Answer: C
Explanation:
Food inflation touched 64%, the second highest globally after South Sudan.
12. India’s formal vocational training coverage is closest to:
A. 10%
B. 15%
C. 4%
D. 25%
Answer: C
Explanation:
Only about 4.1% of India’s workforce has received formal vocational training, despite large schemes.
13. Which structural weakness affects Sector Skill Councils (SSCs)?
A. Excessive government funding
B. Fragmentation of training and placement
C. Over-regulation by states
D. High union interference
Answer: B
Explanation:
SSCs suffer from fragmented accountability, with training, assessment, certification, and placement handled by different entities.
14. Drop-in biomaterials are best described as:
A. Fully biodegradable natural materials
B. Chemically identical to petroleum-based materials
C. Materials requiring new processing systems
D. Medical-grade polymers only
Answer: B
Explanation:
Drop-in biomaterials (e.g., bio-PET) are chemically identical to conventional plastics, allowing easy substitution.
15. India’s bioplastics market size in 2024 was approximately:
A. $100 million
B. $250 million
C. $500 million
D. $1 billion
Answer: C
Explanation:
The bioplastics market was valued at around $500 million in 2024.
16. India’s public health spending is closest to:
A. 1% of GDP
B. 2.1% of GDP
C. 3.5% of GDP
D. 5% of GDP
Answer: B
Explanation:
India spends about 2.1% of GDP on public healthcare, leading to high out-of-pocket expenses.
17. Non-communicable diseases account for approximately what share of deaths in India?
A. 35%
B. 45%
C. 55%
D. 63%
Answer: D
Explanation:
NCDs account for around 63% of deaths, highlighting India’s epidemiological transition.
18. The Suryastra Rocket System is notable because it:
A. Is India’s first nuclear-capable missile
B. Is a naval-based rocket launcher
C. Is a universal multi-calibre indigenous launcher
D. Is exclusively imported
Answer: C
Explanation:
Suryastra is India’s first home-grown universal multi-calibre rocket launcher, enhancing artillery flexibility
19. Suryastra’s maximum demonstrated strike range is:
A. 90 km
B. 120 km
C. 150 km
D. 300 km
Answer: D
Explanation:
The system can strike targets at up to 300 km, significantly improving long-range precision
20. OPEC+ was formed primarily to:
A. Replace OPEC
B. Regulate renewable energy prices
C. Coordinate oil production among OPEC and non-OPEC producers
D. Promote oil exploration
Answer: C
Explanation:
OPEC+ coordinates crude oil production levels among OPEC members and major non-OPEC producers to stabilise markets.